プロビジョニング¶

【トピックス】
・ プロビジョニングとは
・ 実行タイミング
・ 基本動作
・ シェル
　　・ インラインスクリプト
　　・ エクスターナルスクリプト
・ Ansible

プロビジョニングとは¶

Vagrantfile と Box ファイルで仮想マシンを作成した後にシェルスクリプトや Ansible などの構成管理ツールを使用し、アプリケーションのインストールや各種設定などの処理を行うことです。処理はvagrant upコマンドの一部として動作します。

重要

プロビジョニングの実行はユーザー vagrant が sudo 付きで実行します。

実行タイミング¶

プロビジョニングは初回のvagrant upコマンドの実行時に動作します。vagrant upコマンドやvagrant reloadコマンドで強制的にプロビジョニングを実行する--provisionオプションがあります。明示的にプロビジョニングを実行しないようにする--no-provisionオプションがあります。常にプロビジョニングを実行する方法もあります。

基本動作¶

プロビジョニングを指定した Vagrantfile です。 Linux コマンドを実行するよう設定しました。網掛け部分がプロビジョニングに関係する部分です。

$script = <<-'SCRIPT'
echo hello, world
SCRIPT

Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
  config.vm.box = "centos/7"
  config.vm.network "public_network", mac: "080027000001", ip: "192.168.10.1"
  config.vm.hostname = "node1"
  config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
    vb.gui = true
    vb.name = "sample-vm"
    vb.memory = "4096"
    vb.cpus = 2
    vb.customize [
      "modifyvm", :id,
      "--ioapic", "on",
      "--graphicscontroller", "vmsvga"
    ]
  end
  config.vm.provision "shell", inline: $script
end

仮想マシンが存在しない状態でvagrant up→vagrant halt→vagrant up→vagrant haltを実行した結果です。

PS C:\vagrant\my_centos> vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Importing base box 'centos/7'...
==> default: Matching MAC address for NAT networking...
==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' version '1905.1' is up to date...
==> default: Setting the name of the VM: sample-vm
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
    default: Adapter 2: bridged
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
    default:
    default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace
    default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security.
    default:
    default: Inserting generated public key within guest...
    default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present...
    default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest
    default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only
    default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install
    default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.
    default:
    default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,
    default: in which case you may ignore this message.
==> default: Setting hostname...
==> default: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
==> default: Rsyncing folder: /cygdrive/c/vagrant/my_centos/ => /vagrant
==> default: Running provisioner: shell...
    default: Running: inline script
    default: hello, world
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos>
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos> vagrant halt
==> default: Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos>
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos> vagrant up
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' version '1905.1' is up to date...
==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
    default: Adapter 2: bridged
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
    default: Warning: Remote connection disconnect. Retrying...
    default: Warning: Connection aborted. Retrying...
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest
    default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only
    default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install
    default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.
    default:
    default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,
    default: in which case you may ignore this message.
==> default: Setting hostname...
==> default: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
==> default: Rsyncing folder: /cygdrive/c/vagrant/my_centos/ => /vagrant
==> default: Machine already provisioned. Run `vagrant provision` or use the `--provision`
==> default: flag to force provisioning. Provisioners marked to run always will still run.
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos>
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos> vagrant halt
==> default: Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos>

`vagrant up` の実行結果からプロビジョニングの動作確認¶

初回¶

プロビジョニングが動作したことがわかります。

==> default: Running provisioner: shell...
    default: Running: inline script
    default: hello, world

2 回目¶

プロビジョニング済みなので "Machine already provisioned." と表示されています。

==> default: Machine already provisioned. Run `vagrant provision` or use the `--provision`
==> default: flag to force provisioning. Provisioners marked to run always will still run.

--provision オプション¶

2 回目のvagrant upコマンドの実行後に--provisionオプションを指定してvagrant upコマンドを実行した結果です。プロビジョニングが動作しました。

PS C:\vagrant\my_centos> vagrant up --provision
Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider...
==> default: Checking if box 'centos/7' version '1905.1' is up to date...
==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports...
==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces...
==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration...
    default: Adapter 1: nat
    default: Adapter 2: bridged
==> default: Forwarding ports...
    default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1)
==> default: Running 'pre-boot' VM customizations...
==> default: Booting VM...
==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes...
    default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222
    default: SSH username: vagrant
    default: SSH auth method: private key
==> default: Machine booted and ready!
==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM...
    default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest
    default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only
    default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install
    default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue.
    default:
    default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly,
    default: in which case you may ignore this message.
==> default: Setting hostname...
==> default: Configuring and enabling network interfaces...
==> default: Rsyncing folder: /cygdrive/c/vagrant/my_centos/ => /vagrant
==> default: Running provisioner: shell...
    default: Running: inline script
    default: hello, world
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos>
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos> vagrant halt
==> default: Attempting graceful shutdown of VM...
PS C:\vagrant\my_centos>